State Variables and Ideal Gas laws

The Fire Syringe we used to find the final temperature in an insulated system where we quickly heated the system to create minimal heat transfer from cylinder striking the material out of the tube.



Here on the bottom we did work on the system in insulated conditions, compressing the volume of air inside the cylinder and raising the internal heat causing a combustion.

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We use the dimensions of the cylinder to calculate volume using the relationship pi r^2 L ,where we had an L initial and L final, and a given radius, we used room temperature at 24 degrees Celsius then converted  to kelvins

Isochoric situation. Here we observed a linear and therefore proportional relationship between temperature and pressure under conditions of constant volume and constant number of atoms, we see that that since there is no volume change Q=heat energy is = to delta U = internal energy as heat energy increased so to is internal energy while work remains at zero. Therefore, V1=V2

 

 

 

 

Isothermal situation. Here under conditions of constant temperature and constant number of atoms, The pressure and volume are inversely related. As the volume decreases the pressure increases and as the volume increases the pressure decreases. The heat energy has to leave the system as to not change the temperature and the internal energy of the system. therefore, it maintains a W=Q, where the work done on the system that added energy has to be transferred out to maintain zero change in the internal energy delta U.

 

 

 

 

Isobaric situation, this one was supposed to be a constant pressure graph for constant pressure and constant number of atoms, we should have observed the work p*delta V in relation with delta U= Q- W, where a rise in temperature would cause a rise in volume, which would therefore be a linear relationship between temperature and volume under conditions of constant pressure. 

 

 

 

 

 

He we displayed the different relationships between the different states in equations in graphical form, and answered the questions from active physics.

We derived equations based on the kinetic energy of molecules and how they directly affected temperature and as result affected the internal energy. We also covered the different situations dealing heat and gas and specific heat of gases, then how to relate them with work to find the internal energy of a system.